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Materials We Prozess

A practical material capability guide for precision moulds, CNC-machined components and injection-moulded parts. Use it as a starting point for DFM review, resin selection and quotation.

CNC-BearbeitungInjection MouldingMedizinisch-Grade Guide
26machining materials
34injection moulding materials
50–500Tinjection press range
±0.001 mmmachining capability, part-dependent
Material Selection Support

From tool steel and titanium to optical and medical polymers

JingZhan supports mould development, precision machining and injection moulding across medical, optical, automotive, electronics and industrial applications. The tables below summarize the material families, common grades, typical processes and representative uses covered by our current equipment and project experience.

Send the application, not just the material nameFinal selection should consider operating temperature, chemical exposure, sterilisation method, optical requirements, cosmetics, tolerance, annual volume and the customer’s required material certification.
CNC & Toolmaking

Machining Materials

Coverage includes CNC milling and turning, 5-axis machining, precision grinding, EDM and wire EDM. Achievable tolerance depends on geometry, size, heat treatment and inspection method.

Mould SteelAluminiumStainless SteelTitaniumCopper AlloyStructural SteelSpecial Materials
Mould Steel · 8 materials

P20 / 3Cr2Mo

P20
Typical PropertiesHRC 28–35, pre-hardened
ProcessesCNC milling, grinding, EDM
Typical Tolerance±0.005–0.01 mm
Typische AnwendungenMould bases and general-purpose cavities

718 / 718H / 3Cr2MnNiMo

P20 + Ni
Typical PropertiesHRC 33–40
ProcessesCNC milling, EDM, grinding
Typical Tolerance±0.003–0.005 mm
Typische AnwendungenMirror-finish and transparent-part cavities

NAK80 / S136

420 ESR
Typical PropertiesHRC 37–43
ProcessesHigh-precision CNC, 5-axis, EDM, optical grinding
Typical Tolerance±0.001–0.003 mm
Typische AnwendungenOptisch lens moulds and precision medical moulds

H13 / 4Cr5MoSiV1

H13
Typical PropertiesHRC 46–52
ProcessesCNC milling, EDM, deep-hole drilling
Typical Tolerance±0.003–0.01 mm
Typische AnwendungenDie-casting Werkzeuge, hot runners and automotive moulds

DC53

DC53
Typical PropertiesHRC 58–64, hardened
ProcessesEDM, precision grinding, wire EDM
Typical Tolerance±0.001–0.003 mm
Typische AnwendungenHigh-precision stamping dies and cavities

Cr12MoV / SKD11

D2
Typical PropertiesHRC 58–62
ProcessesWire EDM, EDM, CNC grinding
Typical Tolerance±0.001–0.005 mm
Typische AnwendungenPrecision stamping dies and parting surfaces

1.2083 / 420 stainless mould steel

420 SS
Typical PropertiesHRC 48–54
ProcessesCNC milling, precision grinding, EDM
Typical Tolerance±0.002–0.005 mm
Typische AnwendungenCorrosion-resistant medical injection moulds

S136 / ESR steel

S136
Typical PropertiesHRC 50–54
ProcessesHigh-precision CNC, optical grinding, EDM
Typical Tolerance±0.001–0.002 mm
Typische AnwendungenTransparent optical parts and precision medical cavities
Aluminium · 4 materials

6061-T6

Al 6061-T6
Typical PropertiesHB 95; tensile strength ≥310 MPa
ProcessesCNC milling, turning, 5-axis machining
Typical Tolerance±0.01–0.02 mm
Typische AnwendungenPrototype tooling, samples and automotive housings

7075-T6

Al 7075-T6
Typical PropertiesHB 150; tensile strength ≥503 MPa
ProcessesHigh-precision CNC milling, turning, 5-axis
Typical Tolerance±0.005–0.01 mm
Typische AnwendungenAerospace-grade and high-strength structural parts

2024-T3

Al 2024
Typical PropertiesHB 120; tensile strength ≥483 MPa
ProcessesCNC milling and precision turning
Typical Tolerance±0.005–0.01 mm
Typische AnwendungenAerospace parts and precision fixtures

5052 / 5083

Al 5052 / 5083
Typical PropertiesCorrosion-resistant, medium strength
ProcessesCNC milling and assisted bending
Typical Tolerance±0.02–0.05 mm
Typische AnwendungenMarine and chemical-equipment parts
Stainless Steel · 4 materials

SUS304 / 0Cr18Ni9

304 SS
Typical PropertiesHB 187; corrosion-resistant
ProcessesCNC turning, milling and grinding
Typical Tolerance±0.005–0.01 mm
Typische AnwendungenMedizinisch-device and food-machinery parts

SUS316L / 00Cr17Ni14Mo2

316L SS
Typical PropertiesHB 190; chloride corrosion resistance
ProcessesPrecision CNC and grinding
Typical Tolerance±0.003–0.005 mm
Typische AnwendungenMedizinisch components and marine equipment

SUS420 / 4Cr13

420 SS
Typical PropertiesHRC 50–55 after hardening
ProcessesCNC milling, grinding and EDM
Typical Tolerance±0.003–0.008 mm
Typische AnwendungenSurgical instruments and precision cutting Werkzeuge

SUS440C / 9Cr18Mo

440C SS
Typical PropertiesHRC 58–62
ProcessesPrecision grinding and EDM
Typical Tolerance±0.001–0.003 mm
Typische AnwendungenPrecision bearings and surgical instruments
Titanium · 2 materials

TA2, commercially pure titanium

Ti Grade 2
Typical PropertiesHB 160; excellent biocompatibility
Processes5-axis CNC and precision grinding
Typical Tolerance±0.003–0.005 mm
Typische AnwendungenMedizinisch implants and dental-instrument parts

TC4 / Ti-6Al-4V

Ti Grade 5
Typical PropertiesHB 320; tensile strength ≥895 MPa
Processes5-axis high-speed CNC and grinding
Typical Tolerance±0.002–0.005 mm
Typische AnwendungenOrthopaedic components and aerospace parts
Copper Alloy · 3 materials

H62 / H65 brass

CuZn38 / C26800
Typical PropertiesHB 60–100; good conductivity
ProcessesCNC turning and milling
Typical Tolerance±0.005–0.02 mm
Typische AnwendungenConductive parts, connectors and valve bodies

Beryllium copper C17200 / QBe2

C17200
Typical PropertiesHRC 36–42 after ageing; high thermal conductivity
ProcessesPrecision CNC and EDM electrode machining
Typical Tolerance±0.002–0.005 mm
Typische AnwendungenEDM electrodes and hot-runner gate inserts

T2 copper

Cu-ETP C11000
Typical PropertiesHB 35; conductivity ≥100% IACS
ProcessesCNC turning and EDM electrode machining
Typical Tolerance±0.003–0.01 mm
Typische AnwendungenEDM electrodes and precision conductors
Structural Steel · 3 materials

45 steel

C45 / AISI 1045
Typical PropertiesHRC 40–45 after tempering
ProcessesCNC turning, milling and grinding
Typical Tolerance±0.01–0.02 mm
Typische AnwendungenGuide pillars, bushings and ejector plates

40Cr

41Cr4 / AISI 5140
Typical PropertiesHRC 48–55 after hardening
ProcessesCNC turning, milling and grinding
Typical Tolerance±0.005–0.01 mm
Typische AnwendungenPrecision shafts and mould ejection systems

GCr15 bearing steel

52100 / SUJ2
Typical PropertiesHRC 60–65
ProcessesPrecision grinding and hard turning
Typical Tolerance±0.001–0.003 mm
Typische AnwendungenPrecision rolling parts and mould locating pins
Special Material · 2 materials

High-purity isostatic graphite

ISO-G / EDM-3
Typical PropertiesConductive and high-temperature resistant
ProcessesDedicated graphite CNC and EDM electrodes
Typical Tolerance±0.003–0.01 mm
Typische AnwendungenFine EDM electrodes for medical and optical moulds

AMPCO aluminium bronze

AMPCO-18
Typical PropertiesHB 170–200; wear and corrosion resistant
ProcessesCNC milling and grinding
Typical Tolerance±0.005–0.01 mm
Typische AnwendungenThermal inserts, bushings and wear-resistant slides
Injection Moulding

Thermoplastics & Engineering Resins

Material options for transparent parts, micro features, soft-touch overmoulding, high-temperature components and general precision housings.

MedizinischOptischAutomobilElektronikCosmetics & ConsumerHigh Performance
Medizinisch · 9 materials

Medizinisch-grade polypropylene

PP-Medizinisch
Key PropertiesBiocompatible; grade-dependent USP Class VI
Processing ReferenceDry ≤2 h; melt 220–260°C
Shrinkage1.2–2.0%
Typische AnwendungenSyringes, sampling tubes and medical-consumable housings

Medizinisch-grade polyethylene

PE-Medizinisch / HDPE
Key PropertiesNon-toxic and tough
Processing ReferenceMelt 180–240°C
Shrinkage1.5–3.0%
Typische AnwendungenInfusion interfaces and medical tubing fittings

Medizinisch-grade polycarbonate

PC-Medizinisch
Key PropertiesTransparent, high-strength and sterilisation-resistant
Processing ReferenceDry ≥4 h; melt 280–320°C
Shrinkage0.5–0.7%
Typische AnwendungenEndoskop housings, IVD housings and infusion components

Medizinisch-grade ABS

ABS-Medizinisch
Key PropertiesBalanced properties; suitable for plating
Processing ReferenceDry 2–4 h; melt 200–240°C
Shrinkage0.4–0.7%
Typische AnwendungenMedizinisch-device and operating-room equipment housings

Polysulfone / polyethersulfone

PSU / PES
Key PropertiesRepeated steam sterilisation up to 134°C
Processing ReferenceThorough drying; melt 320–380°C
Shrinkage0.5–0.7%
Typische AnwendungenDialysis components and sterilisation trays

Medizinisch-grade PEEK

PEEK-Medizinisch
Key PropertiesHigh-temperature and biocompatible grade options
Processing ReferenceMelt 370–400°C
Shrinkage0.4–0.6%
Typische AnwendungenSurgical support parts and endoscope joints

Liquid crystal polymer

LCP
Key PropertiesVery high flow for micro features
Processing ReferenceMelt 360–420°C
Shrinkage0.1–0.3%
Typische AnwendungenMicro endoscope connectors and capsule-endoscope parts

Medizinisch-grade TPE / TPU

TPE-M / TPU
Key PropertiesFlexible and ageing-resistant
Processing ReferenceMelt 180–220°C
Shrinkage0.5–2.0%
Typische AnwendungenTubing, seals and soft-touch handles

Cyclo-olefin copolymer / polymer

COC / COP
Key PropertiesHigh transparency and low protein adsorption
Processing ReferenceMelt 250–290°C
Shrinkage0.5–0.8%
Typische AnwendungenIVD microfluidic chips and optical lenses
Optisch · 5 materials

Optisch-grade polycarbonate

PC-Optisch
Key PropertiesLight transmission ≥90%; RI 1.585
Processing ReferenceDry ≥8 h; clean moulding; melt 300–340°C
Shrinkage0.5–0.7%
Typische AnwendungenSecurity-camera lenses, automotive lighting and light guides

Optisch-grade PMMA

PMMA-Optisch
Key PropertiesLight transmission ≥92%; RI 1.492
Processing ReferenceDry ≥4 h; melt 230–280°C
Shrinkage0.2–0.6%
Typische AnwendungenOptisch lenses, light guides and lamp covers

Optisch-grade polystyrene

PS-Optisch
Key PropertiesRI 1.590; economical optical resin
Processing ReferenceMelt 180–260°C
Shrinkage0.3–0.6%
Typische AnwendungenOptisch media and diffraction elements

Methylpentene polymer

TPX / PMP
Key PropertiesHeat-resistant; low refractive index 1.463
Processing ReferenceMelt 260–290°C
Shrinkage1.0–2.0%
Typische AnwendungenMedizinisch optical windows and high-temperature lamp covers

Optisch-grade COC / COP

COC-Opt
Key PropertiesLow birefringence with glass-like clarity
Processing ReferenceClean moulding; melt 260–300°C
Shrinkage0.4–0.7%
Typische AnwendungenPrecision prisms and microlens arrays
Automobil · 6 materials

Nylon 66 / glass-filled nylon 66

PA66 / PA66-GF30
Key PropertiesHigh strength, oil resistance, service heat resistance
Processing ReferenceDry ≥6 h; melt 260–290°C
Shrinkage0.5–2.5%
Typische AnwendungenUnder-hood components and intake manifolds

Nylon 6 / glass-filled nylon 6

PA6-GF30
Key PropertiesWear- and impact-resistant
Processing ReferenceDry ≥4 h; melt 230–270°C
Shrinkage0.5–2.0%
Typische AnwendungenInterior clips and HVAC fasteners

Polyoxymethylene

POM-C / POM-H
Key PropertiesSelf-lubricating, rigid and dimensionally stable
Processing ReferenceMelt 190–220°C; avoid thermal decomposition
Shrinkage1.5–3.5%
Typische AnwendungenClips, gears and sensor housings

Glass-filled polypropylene

PP-GF20 / 30
Key PropertiesHeat- and oil-resistant; economical
Processing ReferenceMelt 220–260°C
Shrinkage0.4–1.5%
Typische AnwendungenBumper supports and instrument-panel carriers

PC / ABS alloy

PC / ABS
Key PropertiesBalanced impact strength and appearance
Processing ReferenceDry ≥4 h; melt 240–270°C
Shrinkage0.4–0.7%
Typische AnwendungenInstrument panels and door-trim components

Glass-filled PBT

PBT-GF
Key PropertiesHeat-resistant with strong electrical performance
Processing ReferenceThorough drying; melt 240–280°C
Shrinkage0.5–2.0%
Typische AnwendungenAutomobil connectors and relay housings
Elektronik · 6 materials

ABS

ABS
Key PropertiesGood all-round mouldability and plating performance
Processing ReferenceDry 2–4 h; melt 200–240°C
Shrinkage0.4–0.7%
Typische AnwendungenConsumer-electronics and appliance housings

Polycarbonate

PC
Key PropertiesHigh toughness, transparency and impact resistance
Processing ReferenceDry ≥4 h; melt 280–320°C
Shrinkage0.5–0.7%
Typische AnwendungenLaptop housings, transparent parts and power interfaces

PC / ABS alloy

PC / ABS
Key PropertiesBalanced rigidity, toughness and surface quality
Processing ReferenceDry 3–4 h; melt 240–270°C
Shrinkage0.4–0.7%
Typische AnwendungenPrinter housings and display bezels

Glass-filled PA6 / PA66

PA-GF
Key PropertiesHigh strength and heat resistance; metal replacement
Processing ReferenceDry ≥4 h; melt 240–280°C
Shrinkage0.4–1.5%
Typische AnwendungenSteckverbinder frames and thermal housings

Liquid crystal polymer

LCP
Key PropertiesUltra-thin moulding, low moisture absorption, heat-resistant
Processing ReferenceMelt 340–380°C; precision tooling required
Shrinkage0.1–0.3%
Typische Anwendungen5G antenna carriers and micro connectors

Polyphenylene sulfide

PPS-GF
Key PropertiesHeat-resistant to 260°C; flame-retardant grade options
Processing ReferenceMelt 300–340°C
Shrinkage0.2–1.0%
Typische AnwendungenRelays, switch frames and motor parts
Cosmetics & Consumer · 5 materials

Styrene-acrylonitrile resin

AS / SAN
Key PropertiesTransparent, chemical-resistant and glossy
Processing ReferenceMelt 200–240°C
Shrinkage0.4–0.6%
Typische AnwendungenClear cosmetic caps and perfume components

PMMA

PMMA
Key PropertiesHigh clarity and high gloss
Processing ReferenceDry ≥4 h; melt 230–270°C
Shrinkage0.2–0.6%
Typische AnwendungenLipstick tubes, foundation caps and perfume caps

Polypropylene

PP
Key PropertiesLightweight and chemical-resistant
Processing ReferenceMelt 220–260°C
Shrinkage1.0–2.0%
Typische AnwendungenBottles, cream jars and spray heads

Polyethylene

LDPE / HDPE
Key PropertiesFlexible and squeeze-resistant
Processing ReferenceMelt 180–230°C
Shrinkage1.5–4.0%
Typische AnwendungenTubes and squeeze bottles

TPE / TPR

TPE
Key PropertiesSoft-touch, rubber-like and colourable
Processing ReferenceMelt 180–220°C
Shrinkage0.5–2.0%
Typische AnwendungenBrush grips and actuator seals
High Performance · 3 materials

Polyether ether ketone

PEEK
Key PropertiesHigh strength with 260°C heat resistance
Processing ReferenceHigh-temperature barrel ≥380°C; precision tool
Shrinkage0.4–0.6%
Typische AnwendungenMedizinisch support parts and industrial high-temperature structures

Polyetherimide

PEI / Ultem
Key PropertiesHeat-resistant, sterilisation-resistant and flame-retardant grades
Processing ReferenceDry thoroughly; melt 340–425°C
Shrinkage0.4–0.7%
Typische AnwendungenAerospace interiors and medical-equipment housings

Polysulfone family

PPSU / PSU / PES
Key PropertiesTransparent grades for repeated 135°C steam sterilisation
Processing ReferenceDry thoroughly; melt 360–390°C
Shrinkage0.5–0.8%
Typische AnwendungenReusable medical parts and food-contact products
Medizinisch Material Reference

Sterilisation & Compliance Considerations

A focused reference for eight commonly specified medical material families. Compliance and sterilisation compatibility must be confirmed against the exact supplier grade and the customer’s device validation plan.

Medizinisch-grade polycarbonate

PC-Med
Common Compliance ReferenceFDA 21 CFR / USP Class VI / ISO 10993
Sterilisation ReferenceEO, gamma; steam up to 121°C
Representative ProdukteEndoskop housings, capsule housings and connectors
Minimum Wall Guide≥0.8 mm
Key Processing NoteDry thoroughly; high-polish tooling and flash control

Medizinisch-grade polypropylene

PP-Med
Common Compliance ReferenceFDA 21 CFR / USP Class VI
Sterilisation ReferenceEO, gamma and steam up to 134°C
Representative ProdukteSyringes, sampling tubes, dishes and tube fittings
Minimum Wall Guide≥0.5 mm
Key Processing NoteUse specified medical grade; no recycled-material mixing

Medizinisch-grade PEEK

PEEK-Med
Common Compliance ReferenceISO 10993 / ASTM F2026 where specified
Sterilisation ReferenceCompatible with common methods; grade validation required
Representative ProdukteEndoskop joints and surgical support parts
Minimum Wall Guide≥0.6 mm
Key Processing NoteHigh-temperature tool and controlled mould temperature required

Cyclo-olefin polymer

COC / COP
Common Compliance ReferenceFDA / USP Class VI / application-specific requirements
Sterilisation ReferenceEO and controlled-dose gamma
Representative ProdukteIVD microfluidics, reagent kits and optical windows
Minimum Wall Guide≥0.3 mm; microchannels to 0.1 mm
Key Processing NoteLow protein adsorption; clean moulding is essential

Liquid crystal polymer

LCP
Common Compliance ReferenceRoHS / USP Class VI for selected grades
Sterilisation ReferenceEO and gamma for validated grades
Representative ProdukteCapsule-endoscope micro parts and connector terminals
Minimum Wall Guide≥0.15 mm
Key Processing NoteGate and vent design must match the micro geometry

Medizinisch-grade TPU

TPU-Med
Common Compliance ReferenceFDA / ISO 10993 / USP Class VI by grade
Sterilisation ReferenceEO and gamma for validated grades
Representative ProdukteMedizinisch tubing, seals and soft outer sleeves
Minimum Wall Guide≥0.4 mm
Key Processing NoteSuitable for rigid-soft overmoulding with validated combinations

Polyphenylsulfone

PPSU
Common Compliance ReferenceFDA / NSF 51 / USP Class VI by grade
Sterilisation ReferenceRepeated steam up to 134°C; EO
Representative ProdukteReusable trays and selected food-contact or medical products
Minimum Wall Guide≥1.0 mm
Key Processing NoteDesigned for repeated steam exposure; confirm resin grade

Polysulfone / polyethersulfone

PSU / PES
Common Compliance ReferenceFDA / USP Class VI by grade
Sterilisation ReferenceSteam up to 134°C, EO and gamma for validated grades
Representative ProdukteBlood-filter and dialysis-component housings
Minimum Wall Guide≥0.8 mm
Key Processing NoteHigh processing temperature and dedicated tooling considerations
Important: Values on this page are engineering references, not a material certificate or a universal processing specification. Final resin grade, recycled-content restrictions, biocompatibility, regulatory documentation and sterilisation validation must be agreed for each project.
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